Como ya avanzabamos en anteriores ocasiones es en esta revisión cuando se ha quitado el soporte oficial para hacer compilaciones separadas de Mame, quedando esta como la única compilación posible al haberse removido los ficheros necesarios para su compilación (se pueden añadir de nuevo pero con cada compilación habría que hacer nuevos listados de juegos y sistemas lo cual sería un caos de mantener)
Tened en cuenta que en el apartado de MESS algunos juegos pueden seguir presentando los NONAG porque es más difícil eliminarlos en su totalidad.
Por lo demás, los cambios más importantes que se han introducido en esta nueva revisión son:
- Mejorada la emulación del sistema Namco System 10
- Mejorada la emulación de los juegos de Cave que usan el driver CV1000
- Solucionados bastantes fallos en la emulación del juego Time Crisis 2
- Solucionado un fallo de bloqueo de controles en casos concretos con el juego Galaga
- Arreglados los glitches en el juego Ultraman
- La emulación de Tari Gt ahora no se quedará congelada
- Los sonidos de algunos juegos clásicos de Konami se han arreglado para que suenen como en el formato original
- Los fallos gráficos de algunos juegos de PC Engine han quedado solventados
- Los fallos gráficos de algunos juegos del sistema Virtual Boy han sido arreglados en esta revisión
- Nuevos juegos soportados:
- Bandai Gunfighter [hap, Sean Riddle, eggs]
- Brother LW-350 [Bartman/Abyss]
- Brother LW-450 [Bartman/Abyss]
- Concept 2000 Lite ‘n Learn: Electronic Organ [hap, Sean Riddle]
- GAHAHA Ippatsudou (World, GID2 Ver.A) [Windy Fairy, Samuel Neves, Peter Wilhelmsen, Guru]
- GAHAHA Ippatsudou 2 (Japan, GIS1 Ver.A) [Windy Fairy, Samuel Neves, Peter Wilhelmsen, Yasuhiro Ogawa, Guru]
- Galaxian (Bandai) [hap, Sean Riddle, eggs]
- Hasbro / Tiger Electronics Bingo Bear [hap, Sean Riddle]
- Hasbro / Tiger Electronics Monkgomery Monkey [hap, David Viens]
- Kenner Star Wars: Electronic Laser Battle Game [hap, Sean Riddle]
- Liberty Electronics Freedom 200 [Bitsavers, Dirk Best]
- Liberty Electronics Freedom 220 [Bitsavers, Dirk Best]
- Space Micon Kit [Dillweed, smf]
- Tandy Corporation VoxClock 3 [hap, Sean Riddle]
- Technasonic Weight Talker [hap, Sean Riddle]
- Texas Instruments Les Maths Magiques (France) [hap, Sean Riddle]
- Texas Instruments TI-2550 II [hap, Sean Riddle]
- Texas Instruments TI-5200 [hap, Sean Riddle]
- Top Driving (version 1.1) [ClawGrip, Museo del Recreativo, Recreativas.org, David Haywood]
- Waku Waku Anpanman (Rev A) [Darksoft, TeamEurope]
- Yamaha PSR-78 [Edward d-tech, Devin Acker]
- Yamaha PSR-150 [Edward d-tech, Devin Acker]
- Yamaha PSR-180 [Edward d-tech, Devin Acker]
- Nuevos clones:
- Agent Super Bond (Super Cobra conversion, not encrypted) [Darran Allen]
- Mr. Driller 2 (US, DR23 Ver.A) [Windy Fairy, twistedsymphony, Bill D., coolmod]
- MYAB ABC 80 with TKN80 [PC/M, Curt Coder]
- Soreike! Anpanman Popcorn Koujou (Rev A) [Darksoft, TeamEurope, rtw, Sean Sutton, Smitdogg, The Dumping Union]
- Space Battle (Space Invaders bootleg) [chaneman]
- Yamaha PSR-75 [Edward d-tech, Devin Acker]
- Yamaha PSR-76 [Edward d-tech, Devin Acker]
- Yamaha PSR-110 [Edward d-tech, Devin Acker]
- Yamaha PSS-6 [Devin Acker]
- Yamaha PSS-11 [Edward d-tech, Devin Acker]
- Yamaha PSS-21 [Edward d-tech, Devin Acker]
- Yamaha PSS-31 [Edward d-tech, Devin Acker]
- Nuevos juegos que ahora funcionan:
- Gekitoride-Jong Space (10011 Ver.A) [Windy Fairy, Guru]
- Kono e Tako (10021 Ver.A) [Windy Fairy]
- Kotoba no Puzzle Mojipittan (Japan, KPM1 Ver.A) [Windy Fairy, brizzo, Smitdogg, The Dumping Union]
- Mr. Driller 2 (World, DR22 Ver.A) [Windy Fairy]
- Mr. Driller G (Japan, DRG1 Ver.A) [Windy Fairy, Samuel Neves, Peter Wilhelmsen]
- Panikuru Panekuru (Japan, PPA1 Ver.A) [Windy Fairy, Samuel Neves, Peter Wilhelmsen]
- Star Trigon (Japan, STT1 Ver.A) [Windy Fairy]
- Tiger Electronics K-2-8: Talking Learning Computer (model 7-232) [hap, Sean Riddle]
- Uchuu Daisakusen: Chocovader Contactee (Japan, CVC1 Ver.A) [Windy Fairy]
- Yamaha PSS-12 [Devin Acker]
- Nuevos clones que ahora funcionan:
- Gamshara (Japan, 20020716A / 10021 Ver.A) [Windy Fairy]
- Mr. Driller 2 (Japan, DR21 Ver.A) [Windy Fairy]
- Nuevos juegos que aún no funcionan:
- Desert Gold (20202311, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Dolphin Treasure (10177911, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Etra Crosswalk traffic light controller (unknown model) [ClawGrip]
- Family Bowl (Japan, FB1/VER.A V1.00) [Guru]
- Genesi PEGASOS II [bplan GmbH, Dirk Best]
- Golden Region [hammy, R. Belmont]
- M3004 [Darksoft, TeamEurope]
- M4002 [Darksoft, TeamEurope]
- M5001 (rev. A) [Darksoft, TeamEurope]
- Medal no Tatsujin 2 Atsumare! Go! Go! Sugoroku Sentai Don Ranger Five (MTA1 STMPR0A) [Windy Fairy, Samuel Neves, Peter Wilhelmsen, Guru]
- Seishun-Quiz Colorful High School (CHS1 Ver.A) [Windy Fairy, Samuel Neves, Peter Wilhelmsen, Guru]
- Shamisen Brothers Vol 1 [angeryer]
- Shippe Champion [Darksoft, TeamEurope]
- Snap Shot (20115211, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Sovereign (1PF434A3) Fantasy [Dam0, Heihachi_73]
- Sugorotic JAPAN (STJ1 Ver.C) [Windy Fairy, Samuel Neves, Peter Wilhelmsen, brizzo, Smitdogg, The Dumping Union]
- Sweet Land 4 Bright (ver 2004.9.29) [Darksoft, TeamEurope]
- Taiko no Tatsujin 2 (Japan, TK21 Ver.C) [Windy Fairy, Samuel Neves, Peter Wilhelmsen, Yasuhiro Ogawa, Guru]
- Taiko no Tatsujin 3 (Japan, TK31 Ver.A) [Windy Fairy, Guru]
- Taiko no Tatsujin 4 (Japan, TK41 Ver.A) [Windy Fairy, Samuel Neves, Peter Wilhelmsen, Yasuhiro Ogawa, Guru]
- Taiko no Tatsujin 5 (Japan, TK51 Ver.A) [Windy Fairy, Guru]
- Tiger Electronics King Kong (Tiger, Quartz Game Clock) [hap, Sean Riddle]
- Tiger Electronics Lucky Luke (Tiger, Double Wide Screen) [hap, Sean Riddle]
- Tsukkomi Yousei Gips Nice Tsukkomi (NTK1 Ver.A) [Windy Fairy, Samuel Neves, Peter Wilhelmsen, Yasuhiro Ogawa, Guru]
- unknown AnyWorks / Sega medal game BIOS [Mr. CAST, Smitdogg, The Dumping Union]
- Wanpaku Fishing [SpinalFeyd]
- Wild Cougar – Power Pay (30214211, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- World Club Champion Football European Clubs 2004-2005 Ver.1.2 (Japan) (CDV-10021) [Darksoft, rtw, MetalliC]
- World Club Champion Football European Clubs 2005-2006 (Japan) (CDV-10025) [Darksoft, rtw, MetalliC]
- Yamaha PSR-79 [Edward d-tech, Devin Acker]
- Yamaha PSR-260 [Edward d-tech, Devin Acker]
- Zenigata Ponta [Darksoft, TeamEurope]
- Nuevos clones que aún no funcionan:
- 100 Lions (30223811, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- 5 Dragons (10176611, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- 5 Dragons (10178611, New Zealand) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- 5 Koi – Power Pay (1J016211, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- 50 Lions (0152077, US) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Arabian Nights (10122611, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Bandai Super Note Club µ girlish (Japan) [TeamEurope, QUFB]
- Big Ben (10169611, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Brazil (10218511, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Buccaneer (Aristocrat, 10181911, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Buffalo (20232611, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Diamond Eyes (10129211, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Dolphin Treasure (20265311, New Zealand) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Dream Catcher (10172921, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- F-1 Grand Prix (set 3) [nnap]
- Fire Dancer (10191311, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Fortune King (10230911, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Geisha (10112411, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Geisha (10122011, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Go For Green (10122111, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- The Golden Gong (20196011, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Golden Pyramids (10196511, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Hammerin’ Harry (Playmark bootleg) [Doktor Pinball]
- Heart of Gold (10184211, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Helen of Troy (10116411, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Helen of Troy (10122711, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Helen of Troy (10129121, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Hollywood Dreams (10122811, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- House of Hearts (10208411, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Indian Dreaming (10192211, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- King of the Nile (10127511, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Let’s Go Fish’n (10223911, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Manx TT Superbike – DX [Brian Troha, The Dumping Union]
- Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein (Italy) [Ronaldo, PinMAME]
- Money Tree (10122211, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Paris Lights (10139011, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Peacock Magic (10134311, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Pelican Pete (10196211, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Pirates (10122311, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Pompeii (10122411, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Queen of Sheba (30146921, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Queen of the Nile (10192311, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Queen of the Nile (10204311, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Queen of the Nile Special Edition (10127411, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Ruby Magic (10148811, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Silk Road (10176811, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Tomy Prin-C (without touch-pad) [TeamEurope, QUFB]
- Scatter Magic II (10122511, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- The Shadow (LF-4) French [toxie, PinMAME]
- Spring Festival (20267211, New Zealand) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Strikers 1945 III (World) / Strikers 1999 (Japan) (bootleg, set 2) [twistedsymphony]
- Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (A 0.7 VUK prototype) [Matt’s Basement Arcade]
- Tigress (20243811, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Tiki Torch (10124011, New Zealand) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Torch of the Gods (20210211, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Turtle Treasure (10239811, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Where’s The Gold (10177111, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- The Who’s Tommy Pinball Wizard (Belgium 1.02, display A1.02) [inkochnito, PinMAME]
- The Who’s Tommy Pinball Wizard (German 3.01, display G3.00) [inkochnito, PinMAME]
- Wild Cats (20258111, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Wild Goose (10155911, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Wild Panda (20225011, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Wings over Olympus (10176511, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- World Club Champion Football European Clubs 2004-2005 Ver.1.1 (Japan) (CDV-10020) [Darksoft, rtw, MetalliC]
- Yamaha PSR-160 [Edward d-tech, Devin Acker]
- Zorro (20167511, ASP) [anonymous, Heihachi_73]
- Nuevos software lists:
- abc80_rom.xml :
- ABC-DOS
- ABC-DOS DD
- IEC option 4027 v1.02.4b
- Printer option 9704
- Printer option 9704 0.1
- UFD-DOS v.20 [Curt Coder]
- abc806_flop.xml:
- IT100, Massy H, Ord III v2.0, Small C v2.03, Turbo, Turbo Pascal, VG100 [Dataindustrier AB Intressegrupp, Luxor ABC arkivet]
- abc830_flop.xml:
- Kompil, Trim [Dataindustrier AB Intressegrupp, Luxor ABC arkivet]
- abc832_flop.xml:
- ABCUTE Universell Terminalemulator, ABCUTE Universell Terminalemulator (v1.4), asm800, asm800 (alt), EEPROM Programmer, Extend 800, Inpräk, L&L Forth, Meny0 v6.03, Miscellanous 1, Miscellanous 2, Miscellanous 3, Ord 800 v2.3W, Produktion 856, PUG programutveckling, Snoka, Systemskiva för ABC850 v6.43, Systemskiva HD v6.43, Systemskiva Transfor, Systemskiva v6.31 för UFD-DOS (alt) [Dataindustrier AB Intressegrupp, Luxor ABC arkivet]
- abc838_flop.xml:
- Systemskiva ABC800 v1.0, Systemskiva för UFD-DOS v6.3 [Curt Coder] Artikeldiskett apotekväla, Skolbas [Dataindustrier AB Intressegrupp, Luxor ABC arkivet]
- bingobear.xml:
- Space Bingo Bear [hap, Sean Riddle]
- cdi.xml:
- CD-i Golgo 13 (Japan) [SharpSilver77]
- fmtowns_cd.xml:
- 4D Driving (FM Towns Marty version), Doki Doki Disk CD-ban – Club D.O. Vol. 2, Doki Doki Disk CD-ban – Club D.O. Vol. 3, FM Towns Marty Tentou Auto Demo ’93 Natsu, FM Towns Super Technology Demo 1993 (HME-919), HomeStudio V1.1L10, Medicco to Asobou – Kazu-Katachi-Ryou, Monster Planet 2255, NHK Special – Ginga Uchuu Odyssey Vol. 1 – Tabidachi Waga Taiyoukei, Pack 13000 Free Soft & Shareware, The Yachtman [redump.org]
Psychic Detective Series Vol. 2 – Memories (DCCS remake) [redump.org, cyo.the.vile]
- 4D Driving (FM Towns Marty version), Doki Doki Disk CD-ban – Club D.O. Vol. 2, Doki Doki Disk CD-ban – Club D.O. Vol. 3, FM Towns Marty Tentou Auto Demo ’93 Natsu, FM Towns Super Technology Demo 1993 (HME-919), HomeStudio V1.1L10, Medicco to Asobou – Kazu-Katachi-Ryou, Monster Planet 2255, NHK Special – Ginga Uchuu Odyssey Vol. 1 – Tabidachi Waga Taiyoukei, Pack 13000 Free Soft & Shareware, The Yachtman [redump.org]
- ibm5150.xml:
- Barbarian, Test Drive II – Scenery Disk: European Challenge (3.5″), Test Drive II – Scenery Disk: European Challenge (5.25″) [Total DOS Collection]
- msx1_cass.xml:
- Witches, Z (English), Z2 (Japan) [cobinee] Chou Senshi Zaider – Battle of Peguss (Korea), Dia de Brujas (Spanish, v1.0), Senjou no Ookami (Japan, alt), Warroid (Japan, alt), Water Driver (Spain, alt), Wild Cat (Japan, cas2crt conversion), Wing Warriors (Reprosoft), Witch Day (English, v1.0), Wörd! (Dutch, v1.0), Wörd! (English, v1.0), Word Processor (United Kingdom), Wörd! (Spanish, v1.0), Wörd! (Swedish, v1.0), Xadrez (Brazil, cas2crt conversion), XRacing (v1.0.3), XSpelunker (alt), XVM (Japan, flop2crt conversion), Yab Yum (Netherlands, alt), Yab Yum (Netherlands, alt 2), Yazzie (alt, older?), Yellow Submarine (Japan, Jast), Yie Ar Kung-Fu II – The Emperor Yie-Gah (Korea), Yogoetamjeong Chimagun Chimachima (Korea), Youkai Tantei Chimachima (Japan, alt), Youkai Yashiki (Japan, alt), Young Artist (Arab, v1.18), z80rogue, Zanac A.I. – 2nd Version (Japan, alt 2), Zenji (Japan, alt 1), ZERO and the Castle of Infinite Sadness (Matra), ZERO and the Castle of Infinite Sadness (MSXDev), ZERO and the Castle of Infinite Sadness (MSXDev, with bug), Zeta 2000 (Japan, cas2crt conversion), Zexas Limited (Japan, alt 3), Z (Korean), Zombie Calavera Prologue, Zombie Incident (v1.0), Zombie Incident (v1.1), Zombie Near (v1.0) [file-hunter] Where Is It? The Quest for the 10th Island (prototype) [JMeric] Dia de Brujas (Spanish, v1.2), Where Is It? The Quest for the 10th Island, Wing Warriors (MSXDev), Witch Day (English, v1.2), Wörd! (Dutch, v1.1), Wörd! (English, v1.1), Word Invaders, Wörd! (Spanish, v1.1), Wörd! (Swedish, v1.1), X0rz (v1), X0rz (v3), XOR 2021, XSpelunker (v1.4.2), Yahtzee, Yazzie Remastered, Zombie Incident (v1.2), Zombie Near (v1.1), Zone TNT [MSXDev] Yazzie [RetroSouls] Westen House (English, v1.2), Westen House (English, v1.3), Westen House (English, v1.3.1), Westen House (Portuguese, v1.3.1), Westen House (Spanish, v1.3), Westen House (Spanish, v1.3.1), XRacing (v1.0), XRacing (v1.0.1), XRacing (v1.0.2), XRacing (v1.0.4), XRacing (v1.0.5), XSpelunker (v1.0), XSpelunker (v1.1), XSpelunker (v1.2), XSpelunker (v1.3), XSpelunker (v1.4), XSpelunker (v1.4.1), XSpelunker (v1.4.3) [santiontanon]
- oric1_cass.xml:
- Don Juans et Dragueurs, A View to a Kill – The Computer Game, Zorgon’s Revenge (demonstration only) [The Oric Site] Cross Bomber (2021-05-13) [TOSEC]
- pet_flop.xml:
- A Bright Shining Star [Genesis Project]
- spectrum_cass.xml:
- Geografia de Portugal, Geografia de Portugal (prototype 1), Geografia de Portugal (prototype 2) [Domingues Silva, Planeta Sinclair] Fountain PD Compilation [Luís Rato, Planeta Sinclair] A Case of Murder, Chase H.Q. II: Special Criminal Investigation (Erbe, small cardboard case), Death Wish 3 (set 2, Erbe), Fairly Difficult Mission (Delbert the Hamster), The Forest of Shadows, Jahangir Khan’s World Championship Squash, Picture Book (Triple R Education), Soft Spectrum (issue 01), Soft Spectrum (issue 02), Super Fighter, Super Sinc 3, Super Sinc 4, Super Sinc 5, Super Sinc 6, Super Sinc 1 (Anno 2), Super Sinc 2 (Anno 2), Super Sinc 3 (Anno 2), Super Sinc 4 (Anno 2), Super Sinc 5 (Anno 2), Super Sinc 6 (Anno 2), Super Sinc 7 (Anno 2), System 3 Pack, The Tube (Zafiro) [spectrumcomputing.co.uk] Deep Probe (Adventure Workshop), A Fistful of Blood Capsules (alt), Island of Chaos (Adventure Workshop), Multi-Player Premier League, Pools Predictions, Prince of Tyndal & Jekyll and Hyde (alt), Quest for the Holy Joystick (Delta 4, alt), The Return of the Holy Joystick, Spartan Software Compilation, Special Action (Imagine), Square Dance, Star Flaws & Raymond Pringle’s Quest for the Fabled Jar of Pickled Cabbage (release 3), Supapunta [Steven Brown, Planeta Sinclair]
- vsmile_cart.xml:
- The Wiggles – It’s Wiggle Time! (USA) [AustinRichardson29]
- abc80_rom.xml :
- Nuevos software list que ahora funcionan:
- vboy.xml:
- Galactic Pinball (Japan, USA), Hyper Fighting (pirate), Insmouse no Yakata (Japan), Jack Bros. (USA), Jack Bros. no Meiro de Hiihoo! (Japan), Mario Clash (Japan, USA), Mario’s Tennis (Japan, USA), Nester’s Funky Bowling (USA), Panic Bomber (USA), SD Gundam – Dimension War (Japan), Space Squash (Japan), Teleroboxer (Japan, USA), Tobidase! Panibon (Japan), Vertical Force (Japan), Vertical Force (USA), Virtual Bowling (Japan), Virtual Fishing (Japan), Virtual League Baseball (USA), Virtual Pro Yakyuu ’95 (Japan), V-Tetris (Japan) [Angelo Salese]
- vboy.xml:
- Nuevos software lists que aun no funcionan:
- evio.xml:
- I Love Classic 2 [TeamEurope]
- ibm5150.xml:
- Batman: The Caped Crusader [Total DOS Collection]
- leapster.xml:
- Disney Princess (USA, set 2), Leapster 2 Gaming Pop (USA), Nick Jr. Go Diego Go! – Animal Rescuer (USA, set 2), Number Raiders – Arcade-Style Learning! (USA, set 1), Sonic X (USA, set 1) [TeamEurope]
- mobigo_cart.xml:
- Nickelodeon Spongebob SquarePants – Defending the Secret Formula (USA) [TeamEurope]
- oric1_cass.xml:
- Le Diamant de l’île Maudite (demo) [The Oric Site]
- msx1_cart.xml:
- X & Y (Arab) [file-hunter]
- vsmileb_cart.xml:
- Teletubbies – ¡Es la hora de los Teletubbies! (Spain) [ICEknight, TeamEurope, ClawGrip]
- evio.xml:
Hola, quería hacerte una pregunta que ya la he hecho en varios sitios pero nadie me contesta.
Estoy cambiando un viejo equipo de mi máquina arcade con Windows xp y MAME129 por un core duo a 3,4 ghz, 4 gb ram, una ati emitiendo a 15khz, w10 y disco ssd de 500gb. Estoy teniendo problemas de ralentización en imagen y sobre todo en sonido en todos los juegos.
Leyendo en foros la conclusión es la misma: equipo corto de rendimiento. Entonces, cual serían los requisitos óptimos para correr MAME? Así equipo la maquina con algo que me sirva para años venideros y no estar cambiando cada poco.
Por cierto, agradecerte el trabajo de esta web se queda corto, uno se entera de muchas novedades por aquí y en especial gracias por tus compilaciones en 32 bits de MAME, ya no son fáciles de encontrar.